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The skin, being the most exposed part of our body, is vulnerable to a variety of conditions that affect individuals of all ages and backgrounds. While some skin problems, like eczema and psoriasis, stem from inflammation and may require medical attention, not every lump, bump, or discoloration is harmful. One example is milia—small, white bumps that are often mistaken for acne but are harmless in most cases.
What Are Milia?
Milia are tiny, white bumps that typically appear on the face, particularly around the eyes, nose, chin, and cheeks. These bumps, which look like small pearls, are not acne but rather cysts formed from trapped keratin—a protein found in hair, skin, and nails. Milia are often referred to as milium cysts.
Interestingly, milia are most commonly seen in newborns, affecting up to 50% of babies. This occurs because their delicate skin is still learning how to exfoliate and renew itself. However, milia can develop in people of any age. In adults, they can form when skin injuries, burns, or excessive sun exposure block the pores and trap keratin beneath the skin’s surface.
How to Identify Milia
Milia appear as small, hard, white or yellowish bumps on the surface of the skin. These cysts are typically painless, do not itch, and are often found in the following areas:
- On the face: Nose, chin, cheeks, or around the eyes.
- Other body parts: Scalp, upper chest, or even genital areas in some cases.
For most people, milia are harmless and resolve on their own without treatment. However, understanding the different types of milia can help you determine whether action is necessary.
Types of Milia
Milia are classified based on the age of onset or the underlying cause. Here’s a breakdown of the various types:
1. Neonatal Milia
- This type is common in newborns and affects about 40% of infants at birth, according to the Seattle Children’s Hospital.
- Milia in babies typically appear on the face, scalp, and upper chest.
- They resolve on their own within a few weeks as the baby’s skin matures.
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